Write about concept of problem solving

Question: Write about the concept of problem-solving.

Answer: A problem obstructs as well as hinders the progress or movement in attaining of an objective. In our daily life, some of the problems are well understood and one might have developed the solution to such problems, The nature of the problem always depends on the situations.

               
   Problem-solving may be an art or science. It includes special knowledge in the fields to which the problem relates to and power of knowledge without learning human reasoning and experience. In problem-solving, each and every individual may have his or her own unique way.

       
  Software development is a sequentially interrelated process. Multiple steps are performed before developing a new software. The first step is to determine the information needs to the proposed software. Problem definition is the most vital step in this direction. Among some of the general characteristics such as speed of processing, volume of work, reliability, and accuracy, there are some other functions which are expected from the software and they vary from application to application.

Problem Definition

       Problem definition is the first and the most important step in determining the information needs. Information needs of software may be determined by:

1. Studying existing system,
2. Using questionnaires,
3. Stating tentative information needs, and
4. Suggesting interpretation of information needs with the users.

            First of all, using any of these steps, the needs are determined. Analysis of the problem produces a clear and a precise problem definition.

Problem Solving Techniques

        In order to solve a problem, there are many techniques which are available. Some of the popular techniques that are defined are as follows:

1. Trail and Error Method
2. Brain Storming 
3. Divide and Conquer 

1. Trail and Error Method- Some complex problems can be solved by a technique that is called trail and error. Trail and error is typically good for problems where you have multiple chances to get the correct solutions. However, this is not a good technique for problems that don't give you multiple chances to find a solution where you wouldn't want to use trail and error are diffusing a bomb or performing an operation on a patient.

2. Brain Storming- Brain Storming is a group activity designed to increase the quantity of fresh ideas. Getting other people involved can help increase knowledge and understanding of the problem and help participants reframe the problem.
                               
                                    Brain Storming is a group method for obtaining new ideas and business solutions. The groups are organized for sitting together and stimulate greater creativity by exchange of mutual experiences and participating in the discussions. The brainstorming ideas are cancalized to particular segment of product line or services. 

3. Divide and Conquer- Divide and Conquer algorithm consists of following major phases:

1. Breaking the problem into several sub-problems that are similar to the original problem but smaller in size 
2. Solve the sub-problem recursively ( successively and independently), and then,
3. Combine these solutions to sub-problems to create a solution to the original problems